Geography is the study of the land and its features. It involves learning about countries, cities, mountains, rivers, oceans, and more. Here is a list of some countries of the world.
England
The United Kingdom is a group of islands in northwestern Europe that includes the countries England, Scotland, and Wales, and the province Northern Ireland. The capital of England is London. England is known for the clock tower Big Ben, the ancient monument Stonehenge, royalty, the universities at Oxford and Cambridge, and fish and chips.
Ireland
The Republic of Ireland is in northwestern Europe and occupies most of the island off the coast of England and Wales. The capital of Ireland is Dublin. Ireland is known for its green countryside, castles, coastlines, shamrocks, the harp, folk dancing, potatoes, and Irish stew.
Scotland
Scotland is a country of the United Kingdom which also includes England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh. Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland. Scotland is known for Edinburgh Castle, the Highlands, Loch Ness Monster, shortbread, golf, tartans, kilts, and bagpipes.
France
France is the second largest country in Europe. It is in western Europe. The capital of France is Paris. Paris is known for fashion, the Eiffel Tower, Arc de Triomphe, the Cathedral of Notre Dame, the Louvre art museum, and artists like Monet and Degas. France is known for its bicycle race called the Tour de France.
Netherlands
The Netherlands is in northwestern Europe and borders Germany and Belgium. The capital of the Netherlands is Amersterdam. The Netherlands is known for its flat landscape, canals, tulips, windmills, cycling, clogs, and artists like Rembrandt and Van Gogh.
Switzerland
Switzerland is in central Europe and borders France, Germany, Austria, and Italy. The capital of Switzerland is Bern. Other major cities in Switzerland are Geneva and Zurich. Switzerland is known for its lakes and mountains especially the Swiss Alps. Switzerland is famous for skiing, hiking, yodeling, banks, watches, cheese, and chocolate.
Norway
Norway is in northern Europe. Norway is part of the region known as Scandinavia which also includes the countries Denmark, Sweden, and Finland. The capital of Norway is Oslo. Norway is famous for Vikings. Norway is also known for fjords, mountains, glaciers, skiing, hiking, fishing, and salmon.
Russia
Russia is the largest country in the world by size. It stretches across Europe and Asia. The capital of Russia is Moscow. The Kremlin is its well-known fortress. St. Petersburg is a major city in Russia. Russia is famous for very cold winters, ballet, and some composers like Tchaikovsky.
Spain
Spain is in southern Europe. Spain's capital is Madrid. Spain is known for cathedrals, Moorish architecture, Flamenco music and dancing, bullfights, sunny beaches, artists like Picasso and Salvador Dali, and tapas.
Italy
Italy is in southern Europe. The capital of Italy is Rome. Other famous cities of Italy are Naples, Milan, Florence, Pisa, and Venice. Rome is known for the Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Pantheon, and the Vatican. Italy is also famous for the Leaning Tower of Pisa, Pompeii, the Lake District, Tuscany, the canals of Venice, art, opera, fashion, pizza, and pasta.
China
China is located in Asia. It is the most populated country in the world. In size, it is the 4th largest country in the world. The capital of China is Beijing. Shanghai is China's largest city and financial center. China is known for the Great Wall of China, Forbidden City, the Terracota Army, temples, pandas, its economy, manufacturing, and tea.
India
India is located in Asia. It is the second most populated country in the world. The capital of India is New Delhi. India is known for the Taj Mahal, temples, shrines, bengal tigers, the leader Mahatma Gandhi, Bollywood, and curry.
Kenya
Kenya is located in East Africa. The capital of Kenya is Nairobi. Kenya has lakes, deserts, valleys, mountains, savannas, and wildlife like giraffes, lions, elephants, rhinos, and zebras. Kenya is known for the Great Rift Valley and safaris.
Egypt
Egypt is located in mostly Africa, while its Sanai Peninsula is in Asia. The capital of Egypt is Cairo. Egypt is known for the Nile River, the Giza pyramids, the Great Sphinx, the tombs like King Tut's at Luxor, pharaohs, mummies, heiroglyphics, and Cleopatra.
Brazil
Brazil is the largest country in South America. The capital of Brazil is Brasilia. Brazil is known for beaches, mountains, the Amazon River and rainforest, festivals especially Carnaval, the cities San Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Christ the Redeemer statue, soccer, coffee, and beans and rice.
Mexico
Mexico is part of North America. It borders the United States to the south. Mexico's capital is Mexico City. Mexico is known for pyramids, chocolate, pinatas, fiestas, mariachi bands, and sombreros.
Phillipines
The Phillipines consists of many islands in southeast Asia. Manila is the capital of the Phillipines. The Phillipines is known for beaches, coral reefs, and large shopping malls.
Chile
Chile is a long narrow country on the west side of South America. The capital of Chile is Santiago. Chile has mountains and contains part of the Andes. Chile also has deserts, lakes, and beaches. Chile is famous for the moai statues on Easter Island off its coast.
Morocco
Morocco is in North Africa. The capital of Morocco is Rabat. The largest city in Morocco is Casablanca. Morocco has mountains, deserts, and beaches. Morocco is famous for couscous, oasis towns, Islamic architecture, and outdoor markets.
Germany
Germany is in western Europe. The capital of Germany is Berlin. Germany has mountains and forests. Germany is known for the classical music composers Bach and Beethoven, castles, Oktoberfest, Bradenburg Gate, World War II events, frankfurters, and cars.
Sweden
Sweden is in northern Europe. The capital of Sweden is Stockholm. Sweden is known for modern and affordable furniture, glassware, meatballs, and smorgasbords.
Belgium
Belgium is in western Europe. The capital of Belgium is Brussels. Belgium is known for waffles, chocolate, medieval architecture, and canals.
Peru
Peru is in western South America. The capital of Peru is Lima. Peru is known for Incas, Machu Picchu, Nazca Lines, and potatoes.
Turkey
Turkey is in Europe and Asia. The capital of Turkey is Ankara. Istanbul is Turkey's largest city. Turkey is known for the Blue Mosque, Temple of Artemis, legendary city of Troy, and its past history of the Ottoman Empire.
Iran
Iran is in Asia in the region known as the Middle East. Iran was formerly known as Persia. The capital of Iran is Tehran. Iran is known for carpets, mosques, oil, caviar, poetry, and Persian cats.
Romania
Romania is in central Europe. The capital of Romania is Bucharest. Romania is known for Transylvannia, the Painted Monasteries, old churches, castles, medieval towns, and the story of Dracula.
Algeria
Algeria is located in northern Africa. The capital of Algeria is Algiers. Most of Algeria is made up of the Sahara Desert. Algeria is known for sand dunes and mosques.
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe is located in southern Africa. The capital of Zimbabwe is Harare. Zimbabwe is known for the Great Zimbabwe National Monument, Victoria Falls, wildlife parks, and balancing rocks.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica is located in Central America. The capital of Costa Rica is San Jose. Costa Rica is known for rainforests, coffee, volcanoes, and beaches.
Canada
Canada is located in the northern part of North America. The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Other major cities in Canada are Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, and Calgary. Canada is known for maple trees, mounties police officers, lakes, and winter sports.
Thailand
Thailand is located in Southeast Asia. The capital of Thailand is Bangkok. Thailand is known for beaches, royal palaces, ancient ruins, and temples displaying figures of Buddha.
Australia
Australia is an island, country, and continent surrounded by the Pacific and Indian oceans. Canberra is the capital of Australia. The largest cities of Australia are Sydney and Melbourne. Australia is known for the Sydney Opera House, Great Barrier Reef, the Outback, kangaroos, platypuses, and koalas.
Japan
Japan is a group of islands in East Asia.The capital of Japan is Tokyo. Japan is known for sushi, gardens, bonsai trees, cherry blossoms, temples, shrines, tea ceremonies, samurais, kimono costumes, electronics, karaoke, pop culture, and anime.
Argentina
Argentina is in South America. The capital of Argentina is Buenos Aires. Argentina has mountains including part of the Andes, and grasslands. Argentina is known for beef cattle and steak, the tango, and soccer.
Finland
Finland is in northern Europe. The capital of Finland is Helsinki. Finland is known for ice and snow, lakes, forests, the Northern lights, saunas, skiing, reindeer, and Santa Claus Village.
Iceland
Iceland is an island country in northern Europe. The capital of Iceland is Reykjavik. Iceland has mountains, volcanoes, glaciers, geysers, and hot springs. Iceland is known for very cold winters and geothermal energy.
Denmark
Denmark is in northern Europe. The capital of Denmark is Copenhagen. Some famous attractions in Copenhagen are the Round Tower, the Little Mermaid Statue, and Tivoli gardens. Denmark is known for pastries, legos, and the fairy tale author Hans Christian Anderson.
Venezuela
Venezuela is in northern South America. The capital of Venezuela is Caracas. Venezuela is known for Angle Falls, La Isla Margarita, its diverse wildlife, and its oil industry. Venezuela has one of the largest reserves of crude oil in the world.
Hungary
Hungary is in central Europe. The capital of Hungary is Budapest. Hungary is known for spas, thermal waters, Buda Castle, and goulash.
Austria
Austria is in central Europe. The capital of Austria is Vienna. Austria is known for mountain villages, palaces, and the classical composers Mozart and Strauss.
Latvia
Latvia is in northern Europe. Riga is the capital of Latvia and is known for its Art Nouveau architecture. Ice hockey and folk song festivals are popular in Latvia.
Syria
Syria is in Western Asia and is part of the region known as the Middle East. Damascus is the capital of Syria and is one of oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Syria is famous for the Ommeyad Mosque and the Dead Cities.
Tanzania
Tanzania is located in eastern Africa. The capital of Tanzania is Dodoma. Tanzania is known for the Serengeti National Park and Mount Kilimanjaro.
Panama
Panama is located in Central America. The capital of Panama is Panama City. Panama is known for rainforests, beaches and the Panama Canal that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
United States
The United States is in North America. The capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. The largest US cities are New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago. Some famous places of the US are Disney World and Disneyland, Grand Canyon, Mount Rushmore, Las Vegas, Hollywood, and San Francisco.
Poland
Poland is located in Eastern Europe. The capital of Poland is Warsaw. Some famous people from Poland were the scientist Marie Curie, composer Frederic Chopin, and astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.